Asset conflict resolution for content on demand asset insertion

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods presented herein provide for conflict resolution of assets selected for insertion into COD content. In one embodiment, the system includes an interface operable to process a request for asset insertion into the COD content selection. The system also includes an asset conflict resolution module operable to identify asset timeslots within the COD content selection from the request, to evaluate the assets to determine conflicts among the assets, to remove conflicting assets, and to select at least a portion of the remaining assets for insertion in the asset timeslots of the COD content selection. For example, the asset conflict resolution module may determine that conflicts exist between certain assets based on various identifiers associated with the assets and/or content such that the conflicts between the assets may be resolved with the removal of one or more of the assets from potential asset insertion selection.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application is related to commonly owned and co-pendingpatent application Ser. No. ‘TBD, Ser. No. ‘TBD, Ser. No. ‘TBD, and Ser.No. ‘TBD (Attorney Docket Nos. 50100-001, 50100-002, and 50100-004, and50100-005), the contents of each of which are incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of Content On Demand (COD) systemsand more specifically to the conflict resolution between assets, such asadvertisements and promotionals, for insertion into COD content.

BACKGROUND

Television networks, such as the American Broadcasting Company (ABC),the Columbia Broadcasting Company (CBS), and the National BroadcastingCompany (NBC), have for years broadcast television shows to the massesas a means for generating revenue through advertising. For example,these networks produce television shows and then seek out sponsors toadvertise on the shows. The television shows, or “content”, havedesignated timeslots in which the sponsors' advertisements, or “assets”,are inserted. The content and the inserted assets are then broadcast bythe television networks, or “content providers”, to the public overfederally licensed communication airways, occasionally referred to aslinear video distribution.

This “shotgun” approach to advertising proved to be very successful inthe beginning. However, as the number of advertisers wishing to selltheir goods and services substantially increased, television evolvedinto a much more complex system of communications. For example, cabletelevision providers and satellite television providers now serve as anintermediary between the content providers and the intended publicaudience. And, the number of content providers has increasedaccordingly. In this regard, many members of the general public havesigned on as customers of the cable/satellite television providers so asto receive a broader availability of content.

Because the market for content consumption has grown, the number oftelevision providers has also grown. And, because each of theseproviders has its own method of content delivery, the manner in whichthe content and assets are delivered to the customers has becomeincreasingly complex. Generally, the content providers deliver thecontent to the television providers with instructions to insert variousnational assets into the content at certain times. For example, if acompany wishes to run a national advertisement campaign targeting acertain television show associated with a particular demographic, thecompany may purchase one or more timeslots, or “placementopportunities”, within that television show from the content provider toair assets advertising the goods and services of the company. Thecontent provider then provides the content to each of the televisionproviders with directions to insert the assets within the timeslotspurchased by the company.

The television providers may also have certain timeslots available forinserting certain local assets. For example, a television provider mayhave “headends” configured in various communities to distribute contentto their customers located therein. Each headend receives content fromthe content providers with various designated timeslots for insertingassets into the content. Some of those timeslots may be designated forlocal ads where companies within the service area of the headend wish toadvertise. These companies purchase those timeslots from the televisionprovider for insertion of their assets to expose the customers to theiradvertising at the more local level.

As complex as the cable/satellite television has become, certain deviceshave come along to change and/or circumvent these forms of marketingaltogether. The digital recorder, such as that produced by Tivo, is oneexample of a means for avoiding the asset insertions of marketingstrategists. With the digital recorder, the television providers'customers are able to digitally record entire episodes of content andview that content at their leisure, as opposed to a time established bythe content providers. However, these customers could also use thedigital recorders to fast-forward or skip through the assets withoutviewing them, much to the dismay of the asset owners/marketers.

In response, television providers started providing content on a“Content On Demand” (COD) basis, occasionally referred to as nonlinearvideo distribution. In COD, the content provider delivers the content tothe television provider which in turn maintains the content forsubsequent and individual distribution to their customers. Thus, acustomer may select a desired content through a set-top box (STB) orother device and watch that content at the customer's leisure. This CODcontent is also typically configured with timeslots where assets may beinserted. However, marketing strategists have not been able to determinethe effectiveness of asset insertion in COD content.

SUMMARY

Systems and methods presented herein provide for conflict resolution ofassets selected for insertion into COD content. In one embodiment, thesystem includes an interface operable to process a request for assetinsertion into the COD content selection. The system also includes anasset conflict resolution module operable to identify asset timeslotswithin the COD content selection from the request, to evaluate theassets to determine conflicts among the assets, to remove conflictingassets, and to select at least a portion of the remaining assets forinsertion in the asset timeslots of the COD content selection. The assetconflict resolution module may use a multidimensional asset separationcriteria based on asset brand, asset product category, or the like, toensure that assets are properly separated within a COD content selectedby a customer. Alternatively or additionally, the asset conflictresolution module, for at least one of the assets, may be furtheroperable to validate a break position for the asset; validate an assetseparation of the asset; validate an asset definition of the asset;validate an asset duration of the asset; determine whether the asset isavailable on an Asset Decision Manager; determine whether the asset isavailable in a target window; determine whether the asset is availablein a license window; or perform a combination thereof.

The asset conflict resolution module may also be operable to evaluatethe selected assets to determine values of the assets to a provider ofthe COD content selection. For example, the asset conflict resolutionmodule may direct placement of the selected assets into the assettimeslots within the COD content selection based on the determinedvalues of the assets.

The asset conflict resolution module may also be operable to identify atleast two of the selected assets for selection that have a combinedpresentation duration corresponding to one of the asset timeslots, andto direct insertion of at least two selected assets into the one assettimeslot. For example, the selected assets may have a combined durationequivalent to one of the asset timeslots. In this regard, the assetconflict resolution module may direct insertion of the two selectedassets into the single asset timeslot.

The asset conflict resolution module may also be operable to identify anowner of a first asset to determine a conflict with a second asset andto remove the first asset from insertion selection based on the owner ofthe first asset. In one embodiment, the asset conflict resolution moduleis operable to determine a separation period for the asset timeslots ofthe COD content selection based on the selected assets, and to removeone or more of the selected assets from insertion selection based on theseparation period. For example, certain companies may request thatassets relevant to their products/services be separated in time withother of their assets and/or assets of others with similarproduct/services. The asset conflict resolution module may thereforegenerate a separation period between such assets. The asset conflictresolution module may also be operable to communicate with a provider ofthe COD content selection to provide a report of the selected assetsinserted into the asset timeslots of the COD content selection.

In one embodiment, a provider of the selected COD content is a headendand the system is configured within that headend to direct insertion ofthe ranked assets into the selected COD content. For example, theinterface may be further operable to access an asset database at theheadend and insert the one or more assets into the selected COD content.Alternatively, the system may be configured outside of the headend andbe operable to communicate with, and rank assets for, multiple headends.Thus, although discussed with respect to a single selection of CODcontent by a Customer Premise Equipment (“CPE”), the invention is notintended to be so limited. Rather, the COD asset insertion decisionsystem described herein may be operable to provide asset insertion to amultitude of COD content selections from a multitude of CPEs. The systemmay even be operable to provide asset ranking for COD content that isselected over the Internet or other non-MSO (Multiple System Operator)dependent systems.

The various embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in a varietyof ways as a matter of design choice. For example, the embodiments maytake the form of physical machines, computer hardware, software,firmware, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, a computerreadable medium is operable to store software instructions for resolvingconflicts related to the directed insertion of assets into content.These software instructions are configured so as to direct a processoror some other processing system to operate in the manner describedabove.

Additionally, although the term “headend” generally suggests thedistribution center or office of a cable television operator or MSO, theterm is not intended to be so limited. The term headend as used hereinis any system operable to deliver content to a viewer (e.g., a customeror user of the CPE). For example, the term headend may encompassinternet servers delivering COD content when selected by a user from adevice, such as a computer, a tablet, or a mobile phone. A headend mayalso refer to a telecom provider that distributes content to mobilephones and other devices. Also, the term “asset”, as used herein,includes any type of media for which an owner desires promotion.Examples of such include traditional television commercials,advertisements, streaming video commercials, promotional materials,marketing information, and the like. The term “content”, as used hereinis any type of media, such as audio and/or video, in which assets may beinserted. For example, the content operable within the COD deliverysystems described herein may be streamed Internet audio/video, analogcable television feeds, digital cable television feeds, digitalsatellite television feeds, or digital satellite radio feeds. Thus, thecontent of the COD described herein is intended to encompass Video onDemand (VOD) found in modern cable television as well as pay-per-view(PPV) delivered by both modern cable television and satellitetelevision.

Other exemplary embodiments are described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments of the present invention are now described, by way ofexample only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The samereference number represents the same element or the same type of elementon all drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem operable with a COD system of a headend.

FIG. 2 is an exemplary timing diagram of content interlaced with assettimeslots.

FIG. 3 is another exemplary timing diagram of content interlaced withasset timeslots.

FIG. 4 is block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem operable within a cable television headend.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem operable with a cable television headend through a network.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem operable within a server to deliver network-based content.

FIG. 8 is an exemplary message diagram of a COD asset insertion decisionsystem.

FIG. 9 is an exemplary flowchart of an Asset Qualification Module (AQM)within a COD asset insertion decision system.

FIG. 10 is an exemplary message diagram of the AQM.

FIGS. 11-12 are also exemplary flowcharts of the AQM.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an exemplary Asset Ranking Module (ARM)within a COD asset insertion decision system.

FIGS. 14 and 15 are exemplary flowcharts of an Asset Conflict ResolutionModule (ACRM) within a COD asset insertion decision system.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of an exemplary processing system operable toimplement a COD asset insertion decision system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The figures and the following description illustrate specific exemplaryembodiments of the invention. It will thus be appreciated that thoseskilled in the art will be able to devise various arrangements that,although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principlesof the invention and are included within the scope of the invention.Furthermore, any examples described herein are intended to aid inunderstanding the principles of the invention, and are to be construedas being without limitation to such specifically recited examples andconditions. As a result, the invention is not limited to the specificembodiments or examples described below.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 operable with a COD system 103 (also known as a “COD backoffice system”) of a headend 102. The headend 102 is generally anysystem operable to receive content for processing and distribution to aCPE 107 (e.g., over a cable television infrastructure or fromsatellite). For example, the headend 102 may receive content fromcontent providers over television signals for distribution to thecustomers of a cable television provider via the customer premiseequipment (CPE) 107, such as a set-top box (STB), a gaming console, asmart phone, an electronic tablet, a computer, or the like.

To provide the COD content, the headend 102 includes a COD system 103that is operable to provide content to the CPE 107 when desired by thecustomer. For example, the headend 102 may receive the content from thecontent providers and maintain that content within a content database104. The headend 102 may also maintain local assets in a local assetdatabase 105 and national assets in a national asset database 106. Whena particular content is selected by the user of the CPE 107, the COD 103accesses the content database 104 to retrieve the selected content anddeliver that content to the CPE 107. In this regard, the COD 103 is anysystem or device that is operable to deliver video content to the CPE107 when directed by the CPE 107. The COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 is any system or device that is operable to direct insertionof assets into the content provided to the CPE 107 by the COD 103. Thedatabases 104, 105, and 106 are any systems or devices operable to storeand maintain data, audio, and/or video for subsequent distribution tothe CPE 107. For example, the databases 104, 105, and 106 may beoperable within a computer system that stores the video and audio (e.g.,MPEG) content and assets such that they may be accessed by the COD 103and delivered to the CPE 107 when desired by the user of such.

To illustrate the insertion of assets into content, FIG. 2 shows anexemplary timing diagram of content 110 interlaced with asset timeslots111, also known as “break positions”. When the COD 103 receives amessage from the CPE 107 for the content 110, the COD 103 retrieves thecontent 110 from the content database 104. The content 110, in thisembodiment, is divided into two segments 110-1 and 110-2 with timeslots111 disposed at the front end of the content 110-1 (i.e., timeslot 111-1at the pre roll position), in between the content segments 110-1 and110-2 (i.e., timeslot 111-2 at the mid roll position), and at the end ofthe content segment 110-2 (i.e., timeslot 111-3 at the post rollposition). Each timeslot 111 is divided into two asset placementtimeslots 112, or “placement opportunities”, each of which being capablefor accepting an asset that is typically, but not always, 30 seconds induration. Thus, a placement opportunity is generally a subset of time ofa particular timeslot 111. The COD asset insertion decision system 101directs the COD 103 to insert the assets according to a particularranking that provides value for an MSO and/or a content provider (e.g.,monetary value, enhanced relationships with asset providers, etc.). Inthis regard, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may direct theCOD 103 to select assets from the national asset database 106 and/or thelocal asset database 105 for insertion into the asset timeslots112-1-112-6 based on the ranking provided by the COD asset insertiondecision system 101.

The invention is not intended to be limited to the COD asset insertiondecision system 101 merely providing direction to the COD 103 forselection of various assets in a local asset database 105 and thenational asset database 106. In one particular embodiment, the COD assetinsertion decision system 101 is communicatively coupled to a contentprovider so as to receive instructions regarding various campaigns fromasset providers on a national level. Alternatively or additionally, theCOD asset insertion decision system 101 is communicatively coupled toasset providers to receive and direct insertion of the assets therefrominto the content 110. In some embodiments, such as those illustratedbelow, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be configuredwith the headend 102 to direct insertion of assets into the assettimeslots 112-1-112-6.

Also, the invention is not intended be limited to any particular numberof content segments 110 or any particular number of asset timeslots. Infact, an asset timeslot 112 may be subdivided for insertion of multipleassets. For example, television commercials are typically 30 seconds inlength. Occasionally, however, asset providers reduce the material ofcertain assets to reduce the overall duration of a particular asset(e.g., by removing material from a 30 second commercial to reduce it toa 15 second commercial). Accordingly, a 30 second asset timeslot 112 maybe configured to accept insertions of two 15 second assets. An exampleof such is illustrated in FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, the content 110 isillustrated with the mid roll timeslot 111-2 having two 30 second assettimeslots 112-3 and 112-4. The asset timeslot 112-3 is further dividedinto two 15 second asset timeslots 112-3-1 and 112-3-2, allowing for theinsertion of two 15 second assets into the asset timeslot 112-3. Still,the invention is not intended to be limited to any particular assetduration, asset timeslot 112 duration, or timeslot 111 duration as suchmay be configured to meet certain business and/or technical needs.

It should be noted that the decisions regarding the direction of assetinsertions occur quite rapidly. For example, the COD asset insertiondecision system 101 may be operable to make asset insertion decisionsfor a plurality of headends 102. And, each headend 102 may be operableto provide COD content to a plurality of CPEs 107 at any given time,possibly thousands or more. Thus, when a COD content selection is madeby a particular CPE 107, the COD asset insertion decision system 101responds in substantially real time to ensure that the COD 103 has ampletime to retrieve and insert the assets while processing the contentselected by the CPE 107.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101. In this embodiment, the COD asset insertion decision system101 includes an interface 154, an asset qualification module (AQM) 151,an asset ranking module (ARM) 152, and an asset conflict resolutionmodule (ACRM) 153. The interface 154 is any device or system operable toreceive information pertaining to a content selection by a CPE 107 suchthat the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may direct assetinsertion into the selected content. In this regard, the interface 154may also be operable to transfer information to the COD 103 to directthe COD 103 to insert certain assets from the national asset database106 and/or the local asset database 105.

The AQM 151 is any device or system operable to communicate with theinterface 154 to initially qualify assets for insertion within thecontent. The AQM 151 may exclude certain assets from insertion into thecontent selected by the CPE 107. The ARM 152 is any device or systemoperable to rank the remaining assets (i.e., those not already excludedby the AQM 151) for insertion to the content 110. The ACRM 153 is anydevice or system operable to remove any ranked assets from insertioninto the content 110 based on conflicts between assets. For example, theACRM 153 may determine that assets from certain advertisers conflictwith one another (e.g., Coke and Pepsi). Accordingly, the ACRM 153 maybe operable to prevent assets from these advertisers from being insertedwithin a same timeslot 111 or even within a same content 110. Theexemplary operations of the AQM 151, the ARM 152, and the ACRM 153 areexplained in greater detail below in FIGS. 9-14.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 configured within the headend 102 to retrieve assets from thelocal asset database 105 and/or the national asset database 106 forinsertion into COD content. For example, the headend 102 may receivecontent from a communication link such as the satellite dish 215. Theheadend 102 may store that content within the content database 104 fordistribution to various CPEs 107 when so directed. The headend 102 maybe communicatively coupled to one or more distribution nodes 201 todistribute content to the CPEs 107.

Content within the content database 104 that is available to the CPEs107 is presented to the CPEs through a programming menu from the headend102. For example, the headend 102 provides a signal to the CPEs 107 viathe distribution nodes 201 containing information relating toprogramming, available COD content, date and time, CPE firmwareinstructions and updates, etc. The CPE 107 processes the signal anddisplays much of this information to the user via some type of displaymodule, such as a television or a computer monitor (not shown). A userof the CPE 107 typically navigates through the information via a remotecontrol of the CPE 107. In this regard, the user may retrieve a menu ofavailable COD content within a content database 104 and select a desiredcontent. The user's content selection is transferred to the COD 103 ofthe headend 102 via the distribution nodes 201. The COD 103 thenretrieves the selected content from the content database 104 forplayback to the selecting CPE 107, generally after verification that theselecting CPE 107 is indeed a valid customer of the headend 102. The CODasset insertion decision system 101 is communicatively coupled to theCOD 103 to process the content selection of the CPE 107 and determinethe appropriate assets to insert in the various timeslots of theselected content.

A distribution node 201 is any system or device operable to interfacebetween the headend 102 and multiple CPEs 107 for the purposes ofcommunication. For example, the headend 102, in general, does notdirectly link to the CPEs 107. For a traditional cable television MSO,this generally involves a system of feeder cables and drop cables thatdefine a number of system subsections or branches. Signals from theheadend 102 may be processed by the distribution nodes 201 to insertlocalized content, filter locally available channels, or otherwisecontrol the content delivered to users in the locale of a particularnode. The resulting content within a node's locale is typicallydistributed by optical and/or coaxial links to the individual CPE 107.Each CPE 107 processes the signal from the headend 102 to display thecontent on the display device, such as a television, computer screen,smart phone, tablet, etc.

As shown herein, the distribution nodes 201 are aggregated into a singleelement for the purposes of illustration. Each distribution node 201 iscoupled to a plurality of CPEs 107 to distribute the signals from theheadend 102 and to process communications from the CPEs 107 to theheadend 102. For example, a first distribution node 201 may becommunicatively coupled to the CPEs 107-1-1-107-1-n, whereas a seconddistribution node 201 may be communicatively coupled to the CPEs107-2-1-107-2-n, and so on (where “n” is merely intended to represent aninteger greater than 1 and not necessarily equal to any other “n”reference number shown and described herein).

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 operable with a headend 102 through a network 222. In thisembodiment, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 is separate fromthe headend 102 and communicates therewith via a network 222. Forexample, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be a remotelyconfigured system that interacts with the headend 102. In this regard,the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may be operable to interfacedirectly with content providers 220 and/or asset providers 221 toreceive information through the network 222 regarding certain assetcampaigns of the asset providers 221. For example, the content providers220 and the asset providers 221 may negotiate to place certain assetswithin content from the content providers 220. The asset campaigns maybe developed using certain assets from the national asset database 106and/or the local asset database 105. Information pertaining to thesenegotiated asset campaigns may be conveyed to the COD asset insertiondecision system 101 via the network 222. The COD asset insertiondecision system 101 may then use this information and direct the COD 103to retrieve and insert the assets of those campaigns into the CODcontent selected by the CPEs 107.

The network 222 may be any type of communication link capable ofproviding communication between the COD asset insertion decision system101 and the headend 102. For example, the network 222 may be theInternet, an Intranet, or some other type of data network.Alternatively, the network 222 may be an analog network operable tocommunicate content, such as analog television networks and analog radionetworks. The network 222 may also be implemented as a virtual privatenetwork via the Internet. In any case, the COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 may communicate through the network 222 using standard cabletelevision protocols such as the Society of Cable TelecommunicationsEngineers (SCTE) standards.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 operable with a server 230 to deliver content through thenetwork 222. In this embodiment, the server 230 includes the COD 103 todeliver content from the content database 104 to the CPEs 107 via thenetwork 222. Again, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 isoperable to direct insertion of assets from the national asset database106 and/or the local asset database 105 into the content forpresentation to the users of the CPEs 107. In this regard, the server230 may be configured to receive content from the content provider(s)220 and maintain that content within a content database 104. The server230 may also receive assets from the asset provider(s) 221 and storethat content within the local asset database 105 and the national assetdatabase 106 as appropriate. The invention, however, is not intended tobe limited to any particular manner in which the server 230 is intendedto receive the content and/or the assets from their various providers.

The CPE 107 may be a computer or a mobile computing device capable ofdisplaying video from the network 222 (e.g., via streaming video overthe Internet). For example, a CPE 107 may select a desired content froman Internet website hosted with the server 230 through the network 222.Once selected, the COD 103 may retrieve the content from the contentdatabase 104 for Internet delivery to the selecting CPE 107. The CODasset insertion decision system 101, being communicatively coupled tothe COD 103, processes information pertaining to the content selectionand selects assets for insertion into that content from the nationalasset database 106 and/or the local asset database 105. The COD assetinsertion decision system 101 may do so based in part on the campaignsof the asset providers 221 and in a manner that provides value to thecontent providers 220.

Although shown with the COD asset insertion decision system 101 externalto the server 230 and coupled through the network 222, other embodimentsmay have the COD asset insertion decision system 101 configured withinthe server 230. Moreover, the COD asset insertion decision system 101may also be a server that communicates to the various devices andsystems described herein over the Internet. Accordingly, configurationof the COD asset insertion decision system 101 is not intended to belimited to any particular illustrated embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an exemplary message diagram of a COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101. Initiation of the COD asset insertion begins when a CPE 107selects a particular content provided by the headend 102. The CPE 107transfers a content request to the COD 103 which in turn retrieves thecontent from the content database 104. The COD 103 may also retrieveactive campaigns from the national asset database 106 and/or the localasset database 105. For example, each asset provider may generate anadvertising campaign with one or more campaign items. Each of thesecampaign items may be associated with one or more assets of the assetprovider designating the desired time, date, content,audience/demographic, etc. for which the assets are to be inserted intoselected COD content. The COD 103 may retrieve the active campaigns ofthe asset providers and generate an asset insertion request for the AQM151 of the COD asset insertion decision system 101.

Upon receiving the request, the AQM 151 may determine certain parametersrelating to the placement of the assets. For example, the AQM 151 maydetermine durations of the assets and various placement opportunitiesfor the assets (i.e., appropriate timeslots within the selectedcontent). The AQM 151 may also process the active campaigns to determinetheir eligibility within the content to generate a list for the ARM 152such that the ARM 152 may rank and select eligible campaigns from thatlist. In doing so, the AQM 151 may exclude certain campaigns from thelist based on various criteria, such as whether the asset providerand/or the asset itself are valid and whether the insertionopportunities themselves are valid. An embodiment of the AQM 151 isexemplarily shown in greater detail below in FIGS. 9-12.

Once the ARM 152 receives the eligible campaign list, the ARM 152 ranksthe various campaign items that include assets of the campaigns forinsertion into the content selected by the CPE 107. The ARM 152 may rankthe campaign items based on, among other things, their value to thecontent provider and/or the television provider, the strategy of thecampaign, and the priority of the campaign. An embodiment of the ARM 152is exemplarily shown and described in greater detail below in FIG. 13.The ranked list of eligible campaign items is then generated andtransferred to the ACRM 153 which determines whether any conflicts existamong the ranked campaign items. The ACRM 153 excludes certain assets ofcampaigns from insertion when they conflict with others in the contentselected by the CPE 107. For example, when one campaign conflicts withanother campaign in the list for a particular selected content, theasset of the higher ranked campaign may be inserted into the contenteffectively excluding the lower-ranked campaign from that content. Anembodiment of the ACRM 153 is exemplarily shown and described below inFIGS. 14 and 15.

Once the ACRM 153 removes conflicts from the ranked list of possiblecampaigns, the ACRM 153 transfers the final placement of the assetswithin the content to the COD 103, which in turn inserts the assets intothe timeslots of the selected content. The COD 103 may then retrieve theassets from the local asset database 105 and/or the national assetdatabase 106 for insertion of the assets into the selected content. Withthe assets inserted into the selected content, the COD 103 transfers thecontent and assets to the CPE 107 for presentation to the user thereof.

After the content is delivered to the CPE 107 with the inserted assets,the COD asset insertion decision system 101 reports the insertion (e.g.,to the headend 102, the content providers 120, and/or the assetproviders 121) and recomputes and/or synchronizes campaigns for anothercontent selection by a CPE 107. For example, once certain goals havebeen met for a particular campaign, the achieved goals may lower theranking of that campaign or even exclude it from future insertions inselected COD content. Accordingly, the COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 may retain information pertaining to the insertion of assetsfor use in determining subsequent asset insertions.

In one embodiment, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 mayreceive information from the headend 102 indicative of actual views ofthe inserted assets. For example, the headend 102 may be operable toaccess a CPE 107 to determine when a COD content selection is stoppedsuch that a portion of the asset insertions are not seen by the viewerof the content selection. This information may be transferred back tothe COD asset insertion decision system 101 such that the campaign dataof those non-viewed assets can be compensated or corrected. In otherwords, when assets are inserted into COD content selections and they arenot viewed because of some action on the part of the viewer, such asstopping or fast forwarding the COD content selection, the campaigns ofthose assets should not be influenced. Accordingly, the COD assetinsertion decision system 101 may take this information intoconsideration and recompute how close the campaign is to meeting itstargeted goal for views.

Additionally, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 mayperiodically synchronize a database storing information of theinsertions for use as a failsafe and/or to reduce (e.g., minimize) thenumber of accesses to the database. For example, a database may be usedto store campaign data of the assets to ensure that the asset insertiondecision system 101 does not over use the assets. The asset insertiondecision system 101 may access this database each time a request forasset insertion is received. To reduce the number of processer intensiveaccesses to the database, the asset insertion decision system 101 mayrecord a list of assets that are inserted and then operate off that listfor directing subsequent insertions. After some period of time, the CODasset insertion decision system 101 may access the database andrepopulate it with the recorded insertions such that campaign data isrefreshed. Also, in the event of a failure to communicate with thedatabase, the headend 102, the content providers 120, and/or the assetproviders 121 regarding how and when to perform asset assertions, theCOD asset insertion decision system 101 may operate from the list andrepopulate the database once it becomes available.

It should be noted that the invention is not intended to be limited toany particular messaging format. In some embodiments, the COD assetinsertion decision system 101 interacts with the COD 103 using thestandards established by the Society of Cable Television Engineers(SCTE). In other embodiments, the COD asset insertion decision system101 interacts with the COD 103 using an Entertainment IdentifierRegistry (EIDR). EIDR provides a manner in which content and assets maybe “tagged” with unique identifiers that are operable to distinguish thecontent and assets from one another. For example, content and assetsgenerally have associated metadata to distinguish themselves from oneanother based on various aspects, such as age, maturity level, actors,products, and the like. EIDR identifiers are generally capable ofincorporating this metadata to provide a compact means for uniquelytagging the content and assets for rapid identification due in part toits central registration. That is, each particular content and asset isidentified with a unique EIDR identifier that is maintained by centralregistration system so that individual headends and the like may quicklyidentify and use the registered content and assets.

To provide more context to the operations of the COD asset insertiondecision system 101, the following example is provided.

The CPE 107 selects a particular episode of the television show “30Rock” at 8 pm on a Thursday night from a menu of COD content that ispresented by the COD 103. The COD 103 retrieves that episode of 30 Rockfrom the content database 104. The COD 103 then retrieves certain assetsfrom the national asset database 106 for insertion into the timeslots ofthat show. As with many other 30 minute situational comedies, thisepisode of 30 Rock includes two content sections 110-1 and 110-2 and thethree timeslots 111-1, 111-2, and 111-3, as illustrated in FIG. 2. Usingthis example, the COD 103 transfers an asset insertion request to theAQM 151 to insert assets into these three timeslots. The AQM 151 thendetermines that there are a total of six 30 second asset placementopportunities within three timeslots 111-1-3 of the selected content110. The AQM 151 then processes the active campaigns to determine theireligibility within those six 30 second asset placement opportunities.Among the active campaigns in this example are:

1. A Coca-Cola campaign with a total of four assets and 3 campaign itemsdirecting placement opportunities of those assets as follows:

a) Asset 1 for 100 views anytime;

b) Asset 2 for any viewing opportunities Monday through Friday betweenthe hours of 5 pm and 10 pm; and

c) Assets 3 and 4 for any viewing opportunities Friday and Saturdaybetween the hours of 5 pm and 10 pm.

2. A Pepsi-Cola campaign with a total of five assets and four campaignitems directing placement opportunities of those assets as follows:

a) Asset 1 for 20 views anytime;

b) Asset 2 for 100 views anytime;

c) Asset 3 for 1000 views anytime;

d) Asset 4 for any viewing opportunities Monday through Friday betweenthe hours of 5 pm and 10 pm; and

e) Asset 5 for any viewing opportunities Friday and Saturday between thehours of 5 pm and 10 pm.

3. A Capital One credit card campaign with a total of four assets andthree campaign items directing placement opportunities of those assetsas follows:

a) Asset 1 for 100 views anytime;

b) Asset 2 for 1000 views anytime; and

c) Assets 3 and 4 for any viewing opportunities Monday through Fridaybetween the hours of 5 pm and 10 pm.

4. A Chrysler Motors campaign with a total of three assets and twocampaign items directing placement opportunities of those assets asfollows:

a) Asset 1 for 100 views; and

b) Assets 2 and 3 for any viewing opportunities Monday through Fridaybetween the hours of 5 pm and 10 pm.

5. A Nickelodeon campaign with one asset and one campaign item directingplacement opportunities of that asset as follows:

a) Asset 1 for 100 views.

Since the television show 30 Rock has a mature theme and since theNickelodeon campaign is directed towards a younger audience, thatcampaign item is automatically excluded from the eligible campaign listby the AQM 151. Other remaining campaign items are excluded based ontime and date (i.e., campaign items 1c and 2e).

Thus the remaining campaigns of 1a-1b, 2a-2d, 3a-c, 4a-4b aretransferred to the ARM 152 for ranking. Based on various factorsexplained in greater detail below, the ARM 152 ranks the campaigns asfollows:

1. Campaign Item 2a

2. Campaign Item 1a

3. Campaign Item 3c

4. Campaign Item 2b

5. Campaign Item 4b

6. Campaign Item 4a

7. Campaign Item 1b

8. Campaign Item 1d

9. Campaign Item 2c

10. Campaign Item 1c

11. Campaign Item 2d

12. Campaign Item 3a

13. Campaign Item 3b

The ARM 152 transfers this ranked list of campaign items to the ACRM 153to determine conflicts within the ranked list of campaign items.Typically, the six available asset placement opportunities 112-1-6within the content 110 would be filled by the first six campaign itemsbased on a rank determined by the ARM 152. However, since some conflictsmay exist between campaigns within a particular content and/or timeslot,certain campaigns may be excluded from the placement opportunities 112such that the ranking is reordered. For example, certain criteria maydictate that a Pepsi Cola asset may not be placed within the samecontent as a Coca-Cola asset. In this regard, the campaign items 1a-1dare removed from the ranked list because the Pepsi-Cola asset has thehigher initial ranking, leaving the following campaign items:

1. Campaign Item 2a

2. Campaign Item 3c

3. Campaign Item 2b

4. Campaign Item 4b

5. Campaign Item 4a

6. Campaign Item 2c

7. Campaign Item 2d

8. Campaign Item 3a

9. Campaign Item 3b

With this computed, the ACRM 153 may remove the final three campaignitems 7, 8, and 9 from the list as the six placement opportunities canbe filled with assets. The ACRM 153 then transfers this informationregarding asset placement to the COD 103. This general embodiment of themessaging may be implemented in any of the above COD asset insertiondecision system embodiments for use in directing the insertion of assetswithin the content. Other more specific embodiments are shown below.

FIGS. 9, 11, and 12 are exemplary flowcharts of an AQM 151 within a CODasset insertion decision system 101. FIG. 9 represents the initialreception of a COD placement request and the validation process of theselected COD content, the CPE 107, and the content provider. FIG. 9 alsoillustrates the validation process of placement opportunities of assetswithin the selected COD content to determine whether any placementopportunities exist. FIG. 10 is an exemplary message diagram of theflowchart of FIG. 9. FIG. 11 represents the qualification process ofcampaigns to determine whether assets of those campaigns can be placedwithin the selected COD content. FIG. 12 represents the evaluationprocess of individual assets within the campaigns.

Returning to FIG. 9, the AQM 151 receives a COD placement request in theprocess element 301. The COD placement request originates from the COD103 and directs the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to beginidentifying assets for placement into a particular COD content selectedby the CPE 107. The COD placement request includes information such asthe date, time, and rating of the content selected as well as theaddress of the CPE 107 selecting the content (e.g., physical address,MAC address, etc.). The AQM 151 upon receiving the COD placement requestmakes a series of decisions which ultimately results in asset placementsfor the selected COD content. Failure in the initial decisions resultsin an error, E1, that precludes placement of an asset, in the processelement 316. If the error occurs, the AQM 151 provides a response to theCOD 103 generating the COD placement request, in the process element317.

Otherwise, the AQM 151 determines whether the placement request isproperly formatted, in the process element 302. For example, messagingformats among content providers are varied. As part of a means forsimplifying the communication for asset placement, the COD assetinsertion decision system 101 may standardize the format of CODplacement requests from content providers. In one embodiment, theinterface 154 of the COD asset insertion decision system 101 receivesmessages from the CODs of different content providers and formats theminto the COD placement request such that content providers who are notaffiliated with the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may berejected according to improperly formatted COD placement request. Inother words, the formatting of the COD placement request may act as aform of security to prevent unauthorized content providers from seekingaccess to the COD asset insertion decision system 101. Although theformatting by the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may beimplemented as a matter of design choice, one manner of formattingincludes the Web Services Description Language (WSDL). WSDL is anExtensible Markup Language, or XML, format for describing networkservices as a set of endpoints operating on messages containing eitherdocument-oriented or procedure-oriented information. The operations andmessages are described abstractly and then bound to a particular networkprotocol and message format to define an endpoint. Related endpoints arecombined into abstract endpoints, or services. The extensibility of WSDLgenerally allows for the description of endpoints and their messagesregardless of what message formats or network protocols are used tocommunicate.

The AQM 151 then determines whether the message ID and version arevalid, in the process element 303. For example, as another securityfeature, the COD asset insertion decision system 101 may assign messageidentifiers to each authorized content provider with version numbers toensure that unauthorized content providers do not access the COD assetinsertion decision system 101. The version numbers may be useful inassuring that authorized content providers accounts are up to date. Thatis, even though a content provider may be authorized to access the CODasset insertion decision system 101, they may not be able to requestplacement of assets in their COD content because they have beentemporarily restricted (e.g., due to failures of payment, assets beingdeemed inappropriate, etc.).

Once the AQM 151 validates the message ID and version of the CODplacement request, the AQM 151 validates the client and target codewithin the COD placement request. For example, information regarding theCPE 107 may indicate whether the CPE 107 is authorized to receive CODcontent. Based on this information, the AQM 151 may validate the CPE 107and verify that the target of the selected COD content is indeed thatCPE 107. After doing so, the AQM 151 may identify the local date andtime of the CPE 107 (e.g., to identify when assets may run in theselected content). The AQM 151 then validates the terminal address ofthe CPE 107. To illustrate, a stolen CPE 107 may appear as an authorizedCPE. However, since that stolen CPE 107 has changed locations, theterminal address of that CPE has also changed due to its connection to anew cable link. Accordingly, the AQM 151 verifies that the CPE 107 isindeed located where it is supposed to be located. Alternatively, thisfunctionality may be configured within the headend 102.

Afterwards, the AQM 151 identifies the originating Asset DecisionManager (ADM) and Content Information Service (CIS) of the COD 103 andthen determines whether the ADM is valid, in the process elements 307and 308. For example, SCTE standard 104 (SCTE-104) defines an interfacebetween automation systems and compression systems that encode a digitalvideo stream (e.g., an MPEG stream of content) at the headend 102. UsingSCTE-104, the automation system provides instructions and metadata fromwhich a compression system creates SCTE standard 35 messages as privatedata packets in the digital video stream. SCTE standard 130 (SCTE-130)defines an architecture for communication and interoperation amongvarious systems employed in cable television advertising. Based on thisstandard, the interface to campaign management is the Asset DecisionService (ADS) and the interface to an asset insertion system is the ADM.The standard also includes a CIS that defines services for subscriberinformation and placement opportunities within content to supportinventory exchange.

Various vendor systems at the headend 102 perform the actual contractmanagement, cue message detections, and add insertions. SCTE-130 definesthe interface that isolates the details of each vendor's system and actsas a front-end through which other systems provide and consumecooperating services. The ADS determines how assets are combined withcontent. The ADM defines messages in support of asset insertionactivities. The primary consumer of these messages is the ADS. Themessage interfaces exposed by the ADM allow for preconfigured assetdecisions and real-time asset fulfillment models. An ADM may incorporatesome rudimentary asset selection rules, such as asset rotation, but morecomplex asset decisions are the responsibility of the ADS. The CISmanages metadata describing the assets, advertising and non-advertising,that are available to the other logical services defined by SCTE-130.The CIS provides query and notification interfaces to these logicalservices. The query service is available on an ad-hoc basis and may becalled by any other logical service at any time without any priorregistration. Queries specify values or patterns to be sought in thequery message metadata and the specified matching information isreturned in a response message.

Once the ADM is identified, the AQM 151 validates the ADM to ensure thatit is authorized to access the COD asset insertion decision system 101,in the process element 308. After validation, the AQM 151 identifies theasset based on its programmer and asset identifier (the “PAID”), in theprocess element 309, to determine whether the asset provider is validand active (process element 310) and whether the asset from thatprovider is valid (process element 311). For example, the AQM 151 mayindependently verify the existence of each asset at each operatorlocation. To verify the distribution status of assets, the AQM 151 mayemploy SCTE-130 part 4 (SCTE-130-4) pertaining to CIS logicalinterfaces. Thus, the AQM 151 may query each operator CIS endpoint usingthe unique ID of each asset and the provider's unique programmer ID, orPAID. An example of this message flow is illustrated in FIG. 10.

In this embodiment, the AQM 151 is initiated to check the status of anasset such as when the interface 154 of the COD asset insertion decisionsystem 101 receives the COD placement request 301. The AQM 151 generatesand transfers a request to check the asset status (i.e., the PAID) to aSCTE-130-4 interface 320 of the COD 103. The COD 103 in turn generatesand transfers a content query request to a CIS 321 of the COD 103. TheCIS 321 then sends a request to retrieve the asset status from backoffice systems 322 of the COD 103 (e.g., the data bases 105 and 106).For example, the back office systems 322 may determine whether the assetis available, unavailable, or its availability is unknown. The status isthen returned to the CIS 321 and transferred to the interface 320 in acontent query response. The interface 320 informs the AQM 151 of thisasset status such that the AQM 151 can determine whether such an assetplacement would be valid. If it is not valid, the AQM 151 returns theerror response E1 as in other instances and then updates the assetavailability. If the asset is valid, its status is also updated suchthat it may be used for placement in content (i.e., an asset placementtimeslot).

With the asset identified and validated, the AQM 151 may then identifyplacement opportunities within the content selected by the CPE 107, inthe process element 312. For example, the content may have certaindesignated placement opportunities for the assets. The number, orcounts, of these timeslots and their durations are used by the AQM 151to assist in the selection and placement of assets. The AQM 151 may alsoidentify and use any control information associated with timeslots thatcould restrict certain assets. In identifying these placementopportunities, the AQM 151 validates whether the content selected by theCPE 107 has placement opportunities for the assets and what that numberis, in the process element 313. If so, the AQM 151 validates whether theplacement opportunities are of the appropriate type, in the processelement 314. As mentioned, placement opportunities may include controlinformation or metadata that restricts certain assets from being placedwithin a selected content. For example, age control information ofselected content may be used to restrict certain assets from beingplaced within that content based on age (e.g., COD children's showshaving control information that restricts assets with more maturecontent and vice versa). If the opportunity times within the content arevalid, the AQM 151 determines whether any placement opportunities arestill available within the content selected by the CPE 107, in theprocess element 315.

After the validation process is complete, the AQM 151 qualifiescampaigns to determine whether assets of those campaigns can be placedwithin the selected COD content, as illustrated in FIG. 11. In doing so,the AQM 151 retrieves and loads a list of active campaign items, in theprocess element 352. For example, the AQM 151 may contact the COD 103via the SCTE-130-4 messaging above to access the active campaigns withinthe local asset database 105 and/or the national asset database 106 todetermine asset campaigns that are active at the headend 102. Once thelist of active campaigns has been retrieved, the AQM 151 determineswhether there are any campaign items that are available. If not, the AQM151 generates an empty placement, in the process element 363, and aresponse to the COD 103 originating the COD placement request 301, inthe process element 364. For example, if no campaign items are availablefor asset placement but placement opportunities actually exist withinthe content selected by the CPE 107, the AQM 151 leaves the placementopportunities open for the headend 102 to insert assets within theselected COD content as desired. In some instances, the AQM 151 may evenrecommend placement of a noncommercial asset, such as an assetadvertising the regular date and time for viewing content from a network(e.g., advertising relating to television programming for a particularTV show).

If campaign items are available for asset placement within the placementopportunities of the content selected by the CPE 107, the AQM 151evaluates the campaign items in the process element 354. In doing so,the AQM 151 validates the day/time conditions of a campaign item in theprocess element 355 to ensure that a particular asset in the campaignitem is appropriate for the date and time when the COD content isselected by the CPE 107. For example, a commercial for a mature audiencemay not be appropriate for viewing until later evening hours whenchildren are not present. Thus, if the COD content is selected duringthe afternoon, the AQM 151 may exclude the campaign item containing themature audience commercial from placement within the selected CODcontent. Similarly, if the commercial is intended for children, theinformation within the campaign item asset may not be relevant to a moremature audience. Thus, if the COD content is selected during the lateevening when children are not present, the AQM 151 may exclude thecampaign item from placement within that selected COD content. So, whenthe campaign item does not meet the valid date/time conditions, the AQM151 removes the campaign item from potential insertion into the selectedCOD content, in the process element 360. The AQM 151 then determineswhether there are any available campaigns remaining from the loaded listof active campaign items, in the process element 361. If there are noavailable campaigns, the AQM 151 generates an empty placement, in theprocess element 363 (E2), as described above, and responds to the COD103, in the process element 364. For example, once the AQM 151 evaluatesall of the campaign items and excludes all of those campaign items inthe process element 354, the AQM 151 then determines if there are anycampaigns left for potential placement in the selected COD content. Ifthere are none, the AQM 151 may generate an empty response and contactthe COD 103 such that the COD 103 may place an asset in the selected CODcontent as desires or leave it empty. Otherwise, the AQM 151 transfersthe information pertaining to the remaining campaigns, items, and assetsto the ARM 152 (B1).

In continuing the evaluation of campaign items, in the process element354, the AQM 151 validates the metadata conditions of a campaign item,in the process element 356. For example, assets generally have metadataassociated with them that describe certain features of the asset, suchas a particular actor in the asset, the theme of the asset, targetedaudience for the asset, maturity level of the asset, etc. In oneembodiment, these metadata features are contained in an EIDR identifieras discussed above. If the assets of the campaign item being evaluateddo not meet the desired metadata conditions for the selected CODcontent, that campaign item is removed from consideration, in theprocess element 360. To illustrate, the actor Alec Baldwin has been seenin several Capital One credit card commercials. A campaign item by theCapital One credit card company may wish to have those commercialsinserted into the certain COD content featuring Alec Baldwin as anactor, such as the television show, 30 Rock. Thus, if the selected CODcontent does not include Alec Baldwin, that campaign item may beexcluded from potential insertion into the selected COD content.Alternatively or additionally, if the COD content requires assets of acertain type, the metadata of the assets may be used to exclude theassets from the content. For example, if the content precludes maturecontent, campaign items having assets with mature themes may be excludedfrom the selected COD content based on the metadata of the assetsrelating to maturity level.

The AQM 151 is also operable to validate break/position conditions ofthe COD content selected by the CPE 107, in the process element 357. Forexample, if the selected COD content has only 30 second pre roll andpost roll timeslots available for asset insertions and the campaign itemmandates that the asset be placed at the mid roll timeslot in a CODcontent, then the campaign item is excluded and removed in the processelement 360.

Once the various conditions for the campaign items have been validated,the AQM 151 then evaluates the individual assets in a particularcampaign, in the process element 358. An example of such is shown anddescribed in greater detail in FIG. 12. From there, the AQM 151determines if there are any remaining goals of a particular campaign. Ifso, the AQM 151 returns to evaluate the remaining campaign items in thecampaign (e.g., via process elements 355-358). For example, a campaignmay include a campaign item that desires 1000 views of an asset within acertain time period (e.g., a week). Once the asset has been insertedinto COD content 1000 times within that time period, the goal has beenreached and the campaign item and/or the asset may be excluded frominsertion to the presently selected COD content and thus removed fromconsideration, in the process element 360. In other words, once a goalfor a campaign item has been met, it may provide little or no value tothe MSO. Accordingly, the AQM 151 may exclude the campaign item fromconsideration so that other more valuable campaign items may beselected. Examples of campaign goals include campaign duration (e.g., %completion thereof), total number of desired placements, and the like.Otherwise, the AQM 151 adds the campaign item to a list of remainingavailable campaign items in the process element 362 and continuesdetermining the availability of campaign items, in the process element353 (B2), to evaluate the campaign items for possible insertion to theselected COD content.

FIG. 12 is an exemplary flowchart illustrating how the AQM 151 evaluatesindividual assets of a campaign item in the process element 358 (C1).The AQM 151 initiates this process by determining whether there are anyremaining assets within a particular campaign item. As mentioned,individual campaign items may include multiple assets. Thus, if oneasset of a campaign item being evaluated is excluded from insertion,another asset of that same campaign item still may be used. If no assetsremain for insertion, the campaign item is removed from consideration,in the process element 360. To illustrate, a selected COD content may behigh-definition (HD) format. Accordingly, the AQM 151 may validate thevideo definition of the asset, in the process element 381, to determinewhether the asset is formatted in HD. If not, the AQM 151 returns todetermine whether there are any assets remaining in the campaign item,in the process element 380. If there are no other assets remaining, thenthe campaign item is removed in the process element 360.

The AQM 151 is also operable to determine whether an asset is availableon the ADM, in the process element 382. For example, the assets arestored in the local asset database 105 and the national asset database106. These assets are periodically updated as advertisers wish to updatetheir various campaigns with newer assets. Older assets may be removedfrom the databases making them unavailable for insertion. Thus, even ifthe older asset exists in the campaign item, that asset is not availablefor insertion because it does not physically exist in the databases 105and 106. Accordingly, the AQM 151 removes the asset from considerationand returns to evaluating the remaining assets of the campaign item.

The AQM 151 may also be operable to determine whether an asset isavailable in a target window, in the process element 383. For example,if the asset is only available during a certain time of the day, day ofthe week, etc., and the COD content is selected by the CPE 107 outsideof that time window, then the AQM 151 removes that asset fromconsideration. The AQM 151 may also be operable to determine whether anasset is available in a license window, in the process element 384. Forexample, an asset may physically exist on the local asset database 105or the national asset database 106 and thus be available for insertioninto COD content. However, that asset could include certain licensinginformation that precludes insertion into COD content by the headend 102for any of a variety of reasons (e.g., contractual obligations betweentelevision provider and network provider have ceased). Thus, the assetmay be excluded from insertion into selected COD content based on itslicense window. Once the AQM 151 completes evaluation of the assetswithin a particular campaign item, the AQM 151 returns to continueevaluating the individual campaign items (C2).

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an exemplary Asset Ranking Module (ARM)152 within the COD asset insertion decision system 101. The ARM 152receives information regarding the campaign assets that are availablefor insertion into the content provided by COD 103. In this embodiment,the ARM 152 includes a priority score module 401, a value score module402, a strategy score module 403, and a goal score module 404. The ARM152 also includes a weight by flexibility module 405. Generally, the ARM152 calculates a total score for each item in a campaign based on apriority score, a value score, a strategy score, a health score, and aflexibility score, etc. For example, the ARM 152 may calculate a totalscore for each of the campaign items based on the function of: (priorityscore+value score+strategy score+health score)/flexibility score. Theparticulars of how each of these scores may be calculated by the ARM 152are discussed in greater detail below.

The priority score module 401 is any device or system operable togenerate priority information for the campaign items provided to the ARM152 by the AQM 151. A priority score relates to a weightedrepresentation of how important a campaign item is in relation to otheritems in a campaign. The priority score module 401 may calculate apriority score for each of the campaign items in a campaign based on thefunction of: (campaign priority value/sum of all priority values for thecampaign items)*(parameter weight/100). For the function, the campaignpriority value is assigned by the manager that creates the campaign. Theparameter weight is a value used to modify how much the priority scorefigures into the total score.

The value score module 402 is any device or system operable to generatevalue score information for the campaign items provided to the ARM 152by the AQM 151. A value score for a campaign item relates to a weightedrepresentation of the income generated by inserting a particularcampaign item into content. The value score module 402 may calculate avalue score for each of the campaign items in a campaign based on thefunction of: ((campaign item value)/(the sum of all values for thecampaign items in the campaign))*(parameter weight/100). For thefunction, the campaign item value is the currency value that is assignedfor the campaign item. The currency value may be paid upon the campaignitem being inserted into the content and/or the campaign item beingviewed by a customer (i.e., a user of the CPE 107). The parameter weightis a value used to modify how much the value score figures into thetotal score.

The strategy score module 403 is any device or system operable togenerate strategy scoring information for the campaign items provided tothe ARM 152 by the AQM 151. A strategy score for a campaign item relatesto a weighted representation of how the campaign item is distributedduring an active campaign. Some examples of how the campaign item may bedistributed include an even distribution, an “as soon as possible(ASAP)” distribution, etc. The strategy score module 403 may calculate astrategy score for each of the campaign items in a campaign based on thefunction of: ((campaign item strategy value)/(the sum of all campaignitems strategy values for the campaign items in thecampaign))*(parameter weight/100). For the function, the campaign itemstrategy value may be “0” for an even distribution and “1” for an ASAPdistribution. Other strategies may exist as any values in between. Theparameter weight is a value used to modify how much the strategy scorefigures into the total score.

The goal score module 404 is any device or system operable to generategoal information for the campaign items provided to the ARM 152 by theAQM 151. A goal score for a campaign item relates to a weightedrepresentation of whether the campaign item is behind schedule, onschedule, or ahead of schedule to meet its goal. The goal score module404 may calculate a goal score for each of the campaign items based onthe function of: ((campaign item health score)/(the sum of all of thecampaign item goal values for each of the campaign items in thecampaign))*(parameter weight/100). The parameter weight is a value usedto modify how much the goal score figures into the total score. Thecampaign item health score may be determined by the function of: ((% ofgoal remaining)/(% of time remaining in the campaign)). The “% of goalremaining” may be determined by the function of: ((the campaign itemgoal−current count))/(campaign item goal). The current count is based onthe insertions or views of the campaign item. The “% of time remaining”may be determined by the function of: (hours remaining for the campaignitem/total hours for the campaign item), where the hours remaining is atime from the current time through the end of the flight window for thecampaign item (e.g., a period of time when the asset is to air). Thetotal hours in the function is the number of hours for the duration ofthe flight window of the campaign item from beginning to end. Someexamples of a goal score are >1 when the campaign is running behindschedule and <1 when the campaign is running ahead of schedule.

The scoring information calculated by modules 401-404 is provided to theweight by flexibility module 405. The weight by the flexibility module405 is any device or system that is operable to generate flexibilityinformation for the campaign items. The flexibility for a campaign itemrelates to a representation of how much flexibility exists for acampaign item for placement into the content. For example, a highlyflexible campaign item may have little or no restrictions as to whattimes and/or where the campaign item is placed within the content. Incontrast, a campaign item with little or no flexibility may berestricted to a few hours per day or to a few days per week. The weightby the flexibility module 405 may calculate a flexibility score for eachof the campaign items based on the function of: (number ofdays/7)*(average hours/24)*(average number of breaks/program breakdefault)*(average number of positions/program position default). In thisfunction, the number of days is the count of unique days of the week thecampaign item is eligible for. For example, if a campaign item iseligible to run Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, then the number of uniquedays is 3. The average hours may be based on the function of: (the sumof the durations of the campaign item/the count item time instances).The “program break default” in the function is a value assigned by acampaign manager that indicates the standard count of breaks in asession. The average number of breaks may be calculated based on thefunction of: (the sum of eligible breaks for all positions)/(a count ofbreak positions). The eligible breaks are determined for each positionas follows. When the break position is pre-roll or post-roll, the breakcount is 1. When the break position for the campaign item is “any”, thenthe break count is “program break default”. When the break position ismid-roll and the mid-roll by number is “null”, then the break count isthe (“program break default”−2). When the break position is mid-roll andthe number is not null, then the break count is 1. The “program positiondefault” in the function is a value assigned by the campaign programmerthat indicates the typical or standard count of positions in a break.The average number of positions may be calculated based on the functionof: (the sum of eligible positions for all breaks)/(the count ofbreaks), where the eligible breaks are determined for each breakcriteria as follows. When the position is first or last, then the breakcount is 1 for the break criteria. When the position is “any”, then thebreak count is “program position default” for the break criteria.

After weight by the flexibility module 405 calculates a flexibilityscore for each of the campaign items, then the priority score, the valuescore, the strategy score, the goal score, and the flexibility score areprovided to a compute rank module 406. The compute rank module 406 isany device or system operable to generate ranking information for thecampaign items. The compute ranking module 406 generates a ranking foreach of the campaign items based on the function of: ((priorityscore+value score+strategy score+goal score)/flexibility score). In somecases, one or more campaign items may have a tie ranking. A computetiebreaker module 407 may utilize a number of other criteria fordetermining ranking in cases where campaign items are tied. Someexamples of the criteria used by the compute tiebreaker module 407include random assignment (e.g., “coin toss” algorithm), policiesregarding preferred campaigns, etc. The ARM 152 then provides the listof campaign items along with their corresponding rankings to the processelement 451 of FIG. 13 (D1) to begin conflict resolution between assets.

It should be noted, that the various scores and flexibility may bereconfigured as a matter of preference and that the above equations aremerely used as exemplary embodiments. For example, an operator of theheadend 102 may intrinsically value certain asset campaigns over othersfor any number of reasons. Accordingly, the operator of the headend 102may direct the COD asset insertion decision system 101 to “hard wire”the campaign priority value to a particular value. If the preference ofthe headend 102 operator were to change, then the operator may directthe COD asset insertion decision system 101 to change the campaignpriority value accordingly. This dynamic change capability allows theARM 152 to provide more flexibility to headends 102 on an as neededbasis.

FIGS. 14 and 15 are exemplary flowcharts of the ACRM 153 within the CODasset insertion decision system 101. These flowcharts illustrate theprocess of excluding assets based on conflicts with other assets andcampaigns after the campaign items have been ranked by the ARM 152(i.e., via D1). The ACRM 153 initially determines whether anyopportunities remain for placement within the COD content selected bythe CPE 107. In other words, the ACRM 153 determines whether thetimeslots of the selected COD content have been filled with assets. Ifsome timeslots remain open, or unfilled, the ACRM 153 proceeds toidentify which timeslot positions remain open and available for assetplacement (e.g., pre-roll, mid-roll, post-roll, etc.), in the processelement 452. If, however, no opportunities for asset placement remain inthe selected COD content, the ACRM 153 may generate and return aresponse to the COD 103, in the process element 364, indicating that noassets will be placed in the selected COD content.

When the time slots for asset placement have been identified in the CODcontent selected by the CPE 107, the ACRM 153 evaluates the campaignitems in rank order (i.e., as ranked by the ARM 152), in the processelement 453. The ACRM 153, as an initial part of a loop process througheach of the ranked campaign items, determines whether any campaignsremain in the list of ranked campaign items from the ARM 152, in theprocess element 454. The ACRM 153 then determines whether a particularcampaign being evaluated is adhering to brand separation, in the processelement 455. For example, some companies prefer that their assets not beplaced near assets of a competitor within the same content, COD contentor otherwise. To illustrate, the Coca-Cola Company may desire that anasset relating to a Coca-Cola beverage not be placed next to aPepsi-Cola asset from the Pepsi-Cola Company so as to show individualityof its particular brand. In other words, the brand of the Coca-Colaasset may become diluted when placed next to a Pepsi-Cola asset becausethe audience may simply equate the two brands as interchangeable colaproducts. Thus, if a campaign item being evaluated does not adhere to acertain level of brand separation, the ACRM 153 excludes the assets ofthe campaign item from insertion and searches for another campaign amongthe ranked list, in the process element 454. If the campaign item doesadhere to brand separation, the ACRM 153 starts a loop to evaluate theindividual assets in the campaign item, in the process element 457 (F1),by first determining whether any assets remain in the campaign item, inthe process element 456. In other words, the ACRM 153 loops through theassets in each campaign item to determine their potential for insertioninto the selected COD content. An example of the evaluation ofindividual assets is illustrated in FIG. 15, shown and described below.Once the asset(s) of the campaign item being evaluated has also beenevaluated, the asset(s) is placed in a list that directs the selectionof the asset(s) for insertion to the selected COD content. Afterwards,the ACRM 153 returns to the process element 456 to loop through theremaining assets of the campaign item. If no assets remain in thecampaign item, the ACRM 153 loops through the evaluation of theindividual campaign items in rank order, in the process element 453.

Once all of the campaign items at each campaign have been evaluated andno campaigns remain (i.e., process 404) or once all of the placementopportunities have been filled, the ACRM 153 directs the COD 103 toretrieve the assets based on the list generated in the process element458. For example, the list may be included in a report message that istransferred to the COD 103 to direct the COD 103 to insert the assetsinto the content selected by the CPE 107. It is possible that all of theassets have been excluded during the processes described herein. Thus,the ACRM 153 may then direct the COD 103 to not place any assets in thecontent selected by the CPE 107. Alternatively, the ACRM 153 may directthe COD 103 to place assets from the local database 105 and/or thenational database 106 into the selected COD content as desired. The ACRM153 may also direct the COD 103 to place assets relating to content,programming, or even services provided by the television provider. Forexample, if no assets remain, standard programming information, such astime and date, pertaining to the selected COD content may be configuredas an asset and placed in the selected COD content. To furtherillustrate, when an episode of “Modern Family” is selected by a CPE 107and no assets remain for insertion into the available time slots of thatepisode, the ACRM 153 may direct the COD 103 to present the user of theCPE 107 with the date and time when the next episode of Modern Familycan be seen. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to anyparticular type of noncommercial asset.

Since is also possible that not all of the assets in the list may beplaced as there may be more assets than available opportunities, theACRM 153 may weight the assets prior to placement in the selected CODcontent, in the process element 461. For example, certain assets mayprovide greater value to the MSO or content provider (e.g., thetelevision network). In this regard, the ACRM 153 may rank the remainingassets in a manner that provides the most monetary compensation to theheadend 102/content provider. Thus, the ACRM 153 may reduce the list ofavailable assets for insertion to the amount of opportunities, ortimeslots, in the selected COD content to provide this value to theMSO/content provider. In any case, the ACRM 153 directs the COD 103 toplace the assets in the selected COD content based on the ranked list,in the process element 462. Once placement has been directed, the ACRM153 generates a placement report and transfers that report to theheadend 102 so that the headend 102 can track marketing views (e.g., forlater negotiations between television providers and marketers). Forexample, when a marketer can know how many views of a particular assetthere were in a selected COD content, the marketer can assign a value tothat asset that may be used in negotiating price for additional views ofthe asset in future selected COD content.

In FIG. 15, the ACRM 153 loops through the assets in each campaign itemto determine their potential for insertion into the selected COD content(F1). During the evaluation of a particular asset, if the asset fails toqualify for insertion into the selected COD content, the ACRM 153 mayreturn to the process element 456 to determine whether there are anyother assets remaining for evaluation (F4). Otherwise, the ACRM 153continues through a variety of evaluation steps. In this embodiment, theACRM 153 initiates by determining valid break positions within theselected COD content, in the process element 501. For example, an assetmay require insertion into a certain timeslot within the COD content. Ifthat timeslot is not available for the asset, the asset may be excludedfrom consideration. The ACRM 153 may also determine whether there is avalid asset separation of a particular asset, in the process element502. For example, while the brand separation adherence is determined inthe process element 455, certain other assets may require separationwithin COD content. To provide another real-world example, the Coca-ColaCompany may wish to not place an asset pertaining to Coca-Cola productsimmediately next to one another so as to not bombard the user of the CPE107 with multiple advertisements at roughly the same time. Accordingly,the ACRM 153 may ensure that the assets of a particular company,product, etc. are separated within the selected COD content.

The ACRM 153 may also determine whether a particular asset is of theproper duration, in the process element 503. For example, some timeslotswithin COD content are only available in 30 second “chunks”. Thus, ifthe asset under evaluation is only 15 seconds, there would be a periodof 15 seconds of unoccupied airtime in the COD content. The ACRM 153, inthis regard, may then exclude that asset from insertion into theselected COD content. Alternatively, the ACRM 153 may search for another15 second asset within the potential assets for insertion alongside the15 second asset to fully occupy the placement opportunity and preventmissing a placement opportunity in the COD content. The ACRM 153 mayalso determine whether the asset is the correct video definition forinsertion into the COD content, in the process element 504. For example,COD content may vary in terms of definition from selection to selection.Some COD content selections may be of a SD format whereas the assets maybe in an HD format. To ensure that the assets can be placed in theselected COD content and played at the same format of the SD COD contentselection, the ACRM 153 may exclude those HD formatted assets (and viceversa).

As part of an extension to the exclusion process by the AQM 151, theACRM 153 may also be configured to communicate with the ADM to determinewhether the asset is available at the ADM (process element 505), whetherthe assets is available in the target window (process element 506), andwhether the asset is available in the license window (process element507). The process element 457 ends (F2) with the placement of the assetin the list for selection in the process element 458 of FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram depicting a processing system 600 alsooperable to provide the above features by executing programmedinstructions and accessing data stored on a computer readable storagemedium 612. In this regard, embodiments of the invention can take theform of a computer program accessible via the computer-readable medium612 providing program code for use by a computer or any otherinstruction execution system. For the purposes of this description,computer readable storage medium 612 can be anything that can contain,store, communicate, or transport the program for use by a computer.

The computer readable storage medium 612 can be an electronic, magnetic,optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor device. Examples ofcomputer readable storage medium 612 include a solid state memory, amagnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, a random access memory(RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a rigid magnetic disk, and an opticaldisk. Current examples of optical disks include compact disk-read onlymemory (CD-ROM), compact disk-read/write (CD-R/W), and DVD.

The processing system 600, being suitable for storing and/or executingthe program code, includes at least one processor 602 coupled to memoryelements 604 through a system bus 650. Memory elements 604 can includelocal memory employed during actual execution of the program code, bulkstorage, and cache memories that provide temporary storage of at leastsome program code and/or data in order to reduce the number of times thecode and/or data are retrieved from bulk storage during execution.

Input/output (I/O) devices 606 (including but not limited to keyboards,displays, pointing devices, etc) can be coupled to the processing system600 either directly or through intervening I/O controllers. Networkadapter interfaces 608 may also be coupled to the system to enable theprocessing system 600 to become coupled to other processing systems orstorage devices through intervening private or public networks. Modems,cable modems, IBM Channel attachments, SCSI, Fibre Channel, and Ethernetcards are just a few of the currently available types of network or hostinterface adapters. Presentation device interface 610 may be coupled tothe system to interface to one or more presentation devices, such asprinting systems and displays for presentation of presentation datagenerated by the processor 602.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in thedrawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description isto be considered as exemplary and not restrictive in character. Certainembodiments described hereinabove may be combinable with other describedembodiments and/or arranged in other ways. Accordingly, it should beunderstood that only the preferred embodiment and variants thereof havebeen shown and described and that all changes and modifications thatcome within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system operable to select from a plurality ofassets for insertion into a Content On Demand (COD) content selection,the system comprising: an interface operable to process a request forasset insertion into the COD content selection; and an asset conflictresolution module operable to identify asset timeslots within the CODcontent selection from the request, to evaluate the assets to determineconflicts among the assets, to remove conflicting assets, and to selectat least a portion of the remaining assets for insertion in the assettimeslots of the COD content selection.
 2. The system of claim 1,wherein: the asset conflict resolution module is further operable todetermine the conflicts from the assets based on a multidimensionalasset separation criteria according to an asset brand, an asset productcategory, or a combination thereof.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein:the asset conflict resolution module is, for at least one of the assets,further operable to: validate a break position for the asset; validatean asset separation of the asset; validate an asset definition of theasset; validate an asset duration of the asset; determine whether theasset is available on an Asset Decision Manager; determine whether theasset is available in a target window; determine whether the asset isavailable in a license window; or perform a combination thereof.
 4. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein: the asset conflict resolution module isfurther operable to evaluate the selected assets to determine values ofthe assets to a provider of the COD content selection.
 5. The system ofclaim 4, wherein: the asset conflict resolution module is furtheroperable to direct placement of the selected assets into the assettimeslots within the COD content selection based on the determinedvalues of the assets.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein: the assetconflict resolution module is further operable to identify at least twoof the selected assets for selection that have a combined presentationduration corresponding to one of the asset timeslots, and to directinsertion of the at least two selected assets into the one assettimeslot.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein: the asset conflictresolution module is further operable to identify an owner of a firstasset to determine a conflict with a second asset and to remove thefirst asset from insertion selection based on the owner of the firstasset.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein: the asset conflict resolutionmodule is further operable to determine a separation period for theasset timeslots of the COD content selection based on the selectedassets, and to remove one or more of the selected assets from insertionselection based on the separation period.
 9. The system of claim 1,wherein: the asset conflict resolution module is further operable tocommunicate with a provider of the COD content selection to provide areport of the selected assets inserted into the asset timeslots of theCOD content selection.
 10. A method of selecting from a plurality ofassets for insertion into a Content On Demand (COD) content selection,the method comprising: processing a request for asset insertion into theCOD content selection; identifying asset timeslots within the CODcontent selection from the request; evaluating the assets to determineconflicts among the assets; removing conflicting assets; and selectingat least a portion of the remaining assets for insertion in the assettimeslots of the COD content selection.
 11. The method of claim 10,further comprising: determining the conflicts from the assets based on amultidimensional asset separation criteria according to an asset brand,an asset product category, or a combination thereof.
 12. The method ofclaim 10, further comprising, for at least one of the assets: validatinga break position for the asset; validating an asset separation of theasset; validating an asset definition of the asset; validating an assetduration of the asset; determining whether the asset is available on anAsset Decision Manager; determining whether the asset is available in atarget window; determining whether the asset is available in a licensewindow; or performing a combination thereof.
 13. The method of claim 10,further comprising: evaluating the selected assets to determine valuesof the assets to a provider of the COD content selection.
 14. The methodof claim 13, further comprising: directing placement of the selectedassets into the asset timeslots within the COD content selection basedon the determined values of the assets.
 15. The method of claim 10,further comprising: identifying at least two of the selected assets forselection that have a combined presentation duration corresponding toone of the asset timeslots; and directing insertion of the at least twoselected assets into the one asset timeslot.
 16. The method of claim 10,further comprising: identifying an owner of a first asset to determine aconflict with a second asset and to remove the first asset frominsertion selection based on the owner of the first asset.
 17. Themethod of claim 10, further comprising: determining a separation periodfor the asset timeslots of the COD content selection based on theselected assets; and removing one or more of the selected assets frominsertion selection based on the separation period.
 18. The method ofclaim 10, further comprising: communicating with a provider of the CODcontent selection to provide a report of the selected assets insertedinto the asset timeslots of the COD content selection.
 19. A nontransitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that, whenexecuted by a processor, direct the processor to select from a pluralityof assets for insertion into a Content On Demand (COD) contentselection, the instructions further directing the processor to: processa request for asset insertion into the COD content selection; identifyasset timeslots within the COD content selection from the request;evaluate the assets to determine conflicts among the assets; removeconflicting assets; and select at least a portion of the remainingassets for insertion in the asset timeslots of the COD contentselection.
 20. The computer readable medium of claim 19, theinstructions further directing the processor to: determine the conflictsfrom the assets based on a multidimensional asset separation criteriaaccording to an asset brand, an asset product category, or a combinationthereof.
 21. The computer readable medium of claim 19, the instructionsfurther directing the processor to, for at least one of the assets:validate a break position for the asset; validate an asset separation ofthe asset; validate an asset definition of the asset; validate an assetduration of the asset; determine whether the asset is available on anAsset Decision Manager; determine whether the asset is available in atarget window; determine whether the asset is available in a licensewindow; or perform a combination thereof.
 22. The computer readablemedium of claim 19, the instructions further directing the processor to:evaluate the assets to determine values of the selected assets to aprovider of the COD content selection.
 23. The computer readable mediumof claim 22, the instructions further directing the processor to: directplacement of the selected assets into the asset timeslots within the CODcontent selection based on the determined values of the assets.
 24. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 19, the instructions further directingthe processor to: identify at least two of the selected assets forselection that have a combined presentation duration corresponding toone of the asset timeslots; and direct insertion of the at least twoselected assets into the one asset timeslot.
 25. The computer readablemedium of claim 19, the instructions further directing the processor to:identify an owner of a first asset to determine a conflict with a secondasset and to remove the first asset from insertion selection based onthe owner of the first asset.
 26. The computer readable medium of claim19, the instructions further directing the processor to: determine aseparation period for the asset timeslots of the COD content selectionbased on the selected assets; and remove one or more of the selectedassets from insertion selection based on the separation period.
 27. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 19, the instructions further directingthe processor to: communicate with a provider of the COD contentselection to provide a report of the selected assets inserted into theasset timeslots of the COD content selection.